Part I: Epistemology, Epidemiology, Psychopathology and History of Depression1. The Study of Depression in the Frame of the new Research Paradigm in Psychiatry 2. Psychopathology of Depression in the Spectrum of Mood Disorders3. Epidemiology of Depression: Burden of Disease, Trends, and the Con-tributions of Social Epidemiology to the Study of its Causes4. Idioms of Depression in Contemporary Individualistic Societies: Unit-ed States and Chile Part II: Etiopathogenic Theories and Models5. Contemporary Psychodynamic Theories on Depression6. Theory and Interventions in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression7. Genetic and Epigenetic Determinants of Depression: From Basic Re-search to Translational Medicine8. Neurobiology of Depression9. A Dimensional and Dynamic Approach to the Neurobiology of Mood Disorders: On Intermediate Phenotypes and their Interaction with Early Stress10. Psychophysiology and Psychoneuroendocrinology of Stress and Re-ward in Depression11. Depression and (Expert) Culture: Psychiatric, Regulatory and Moral Frameworks Underpinning the Absence of Depression in Occupation-al Health in Chile12. Poverty, Social Inequity, and DepressionPart III: Evolution and Development as an Integrating Framework13. An Integrative Developmental Psychopathology Approach to Depression14. Depression and Personality Dysfunction: Moving from Descriptive Comorbidity to the Identification of Common Intermediate Phenotypes15. Gender and Depression: Women, Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming DepressionPart IV: Clinical Practice as a Meeting Place for Etiopathogenic Models 16. Models in Depression and Clinical Judgment, or how to use Different Etiopathogenic Models with a Particular Patient