Chapter 1. Morphology Analysis Abstract 1.1 Optical microscopy (OM) 1.1.1 History 1.1.2 Mechanism of operation 1.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 1.1.4 Applications 1.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) 1.2.1 History 1.2.2 Mechanism of operation 1.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages 1.2.4 Applications 1.3 Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis (TEM) 1.3.1 History 1.3.2 Mechanism of operation 1.3.3 Advantages and disadvantages 1.3.4 Applications Troubleshooting References Chapter 2. Mass Spectrometry Analysis Abstract 2.1 Mass Spectrometry (MS) 2.1.1 History 2.1.2 Mechanism of operation 2.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 2.1.4 Applications 2.2 Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) Spectrometry 2.2.1 History 2.2.2 Mechanism of operation 2.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages 2.2.4 Applications Troubleshooting References Chapter 3. Topography Analysis Abstract 3.1 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) 3.1.1 History 3.1.2 Mechanism of operation 3.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 3.1.4 Applications 3.2 RAMAN Spectroscopy 3.2.1 History 3.2.2 Mechanism of operation 3.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages 3.2.4 Applications Troubleshooting References

Chapter 4. Chemical and Structural Analysis Abstract 4.1 RAMAN Spectroscopy 4.1.1 History 4.1.2 Mechanism of operation 4.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 4.1.4 Applications 4.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 4.2.1 History 4.2.2 Mechanism of operation 4.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages 4.2.4 Applications 4.3 Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) 4.3.1 History 4.3.2 Mechanism of operation 4.3.3 Advantages and disadvantages 4.3.4 Applications 4.4 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) 4.4.1 History 4.4.2 Mechanism of operation 4.4.3 Advantages and disadvantages 4.4.4 Applications 4.5 Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) 4.5.1 History 4.5.2 Mechanism of operation 4.5.3 Advantages and disadvantages 4.5.4 Applications 4.6 X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) 4.6.1 History 4.6.2 Mechanism of operation 4.6.3 Advantages and disadvantages 4.6.4 Applications 4.7 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) 4.7.1 History 4.7.2 Mechanism of operation 4.7.3 Advantages and disadvantages 4.7.4 Applications Troubleshooting References Chapter 5. Thermal Analysis Abstract 5.1 Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) 5.1.1 History 5.1.2 Mechanism of operation 5.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 5.1.4 Applications 5.2 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 5.2.1 History 5.2.2 Mechanism of operation 5.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages 5.2.4 Applications 5.3 Differential thermal analysis (DTA) 5.3.1 History 5.3.2 Mechanism of operation 5.3.3 Advantages and disadvantages 5.3.4 Applications Troubleshooting References Chapter 6. Wettability analysis Abstract 6.1 Water Contact Angle (WCA) 6.1.1 History 6.1.2 Mechanism of operation 6.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 6.1.4 Applications Troubleshooting References

Chapter 7. Electrochemical analysis Abstract 7.1 Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) 7.1.1 History 7.1.2 Mechanism of operation 7.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 7.1.4 Applications 7.2 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) 7.2.1 History 7.2.2 Mechanism of operation 7.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages 7.2.4 Applications Troubleshooting References

Chapter 8. Chromatography analysis Abstract 8.1 Gas Chromatography (GC) 8.1.1 History 8.1.2 Mechanism of operation 8.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages 8.1.4 Applications 8.2 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) 8.2.1 History 8.2.2 Mechanism of operation 8.2.3 Advantages and disadvantages 8.2.4 Applications 8.3 Ion Chromatography 8.3.1 History 8.3.2 Mechanism of operation 8.3.3 Advantages and disadvantages 8.3.4 Applications 8.4 High Temperature Gel Permeatio