In April 2020, as the world went into a series of lockdowns to combat the spread of Covid-19, President Xi Jinping made a speech about the next steps in China's economic trajectory and introduced the concept of dual circulation. Echoing many of the West's own calls for a decoupling of national and international economies, China's dual circulation strategy involves prioritizing domestic consumption with greater controls, protection and delivery for its internal market. Representing a clear shift in China's policies of reform and opening up, it will undoubtedly have ramifications for international businesses. In this concise and incisive analysis Andrew Cainey and Christiane Prange interrogate the rhetoric and policies of the Chinese government in order to unpick the likely practical implications for the international community of this significant reorientation of China's economy.