Biomedical research is the first step towards the creation of new medications and treatments that help to manage different types of health conditions and diseases. The prevention and cure of diseases would be practically impossible without such type of research. Although, the drug discovery and development process are far too costly, time-consuming, prone to failure and low success rate, now-a-days the term "translational research or medicine" seems to have become trendy, yet it is insufficient. The present book is a sincere attempt by dedicated researchers with an ideology to cover the importance of translational biomedical research, medicine, and disease, most importantly, basic and clinical difficulties in the translation of diagnostic measures, pharmaceutical advances, biomarkers, diagnostics and therapeutics. This book is meant for researchers, scientists, healthcare professionals, industry, innovators, and students of biomedical sciences, as well as basic sciences, biochemistry, biotechnology, biophysics, and life sciences in general. The volume is comprehensively covers emerging technologies for health care, various aspects of biomedical research towards understanding of pathophysiology of the diseases, advances in improvement in diagnostic procedures and therapeutic tools, the fundamental role of biomedical research in the development of new medicinal products